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Notices:

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Canadian Climate Normals 1971-2000

The minimum number of years used to calculate these Normals is indicated by a code for each element. A "+" beside an extreme date indicates that this date is the first occurrence of the extreme value. Values and dates in bold indicate all-time extremes for the location.

NOTE!! Data used in the calculation of these Normals may be subject to further quality assurance checks. This may result in minor changes to some values presented here.

TORONTO *
ONTARIO
Latitude: 43°40'00.000" N Longitude: 79°24'00.000" W Elevation: 112.50 m
Climate ID: 6158350 WMO ID: 71266 TC ID:

* This station meets WMO standards for temperature and precipitation.

Normals from to  
January-June January-December+Year July-December
Temperature:Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Daily Average (°C)-4.2 -3.2 1.3 7.6 14.2 19.2 22.2 21.3 17 10.6 4.8 -0.9 9.2 A
Standard Deviation2.7 2.5 2 1.5 1.9 1.4 1.2 1.2 1.1 1.5 1.4 2.5 0.8 A
Daily Maximum (°C)-1.1 -0.2 4.6 11.3 18.5 23.5 26.4 25.3 20.7 13.8 7.4 1.8 12.7 A
Daily Minimum (°C)-7.3 -6.3 -2 3.8 9.9 14.8 17.9 17.3 13.2 7.3 2.2 -3.7 5.6 A
Extreme Maximum (°C)16.1 14.4 26.7 32.2 34.4 36.7 40.6 38.9 37.8 30 23.9 19.9    
Date (yyyy/dd)1967/25 1976/25 1946/28 1842/22 1962/18 1964/30 1936/08 1918/13 1953/02 1963/07 1950/01 1982/03  
Extreme Minimum (°C)-32.8 -31.7 -26.7 -15 -3.9 -2.2 3.9 4.4 -2.2 -8.9 -20.6 -30    
Date (yyyy/dd)1859/10 1855/05 1868/03 1923/01 1854/06 1842/10 1843/12 1855/18 1842/22 1844/31 1875/30 1933/29  
Precipitation:
Rainfall (mm)29.1 26.2 42 63.2 73.3 71.5 67.5 79.6 83.4 64.7 67.3 41.9 709.8 A
Snowfall (cm)38.2 26.6 22 6 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 8.1 32.2 133.1 A
Precipitation (mm)61.2 50.5 66.1 69.6 73.3 71.5 67.5 79.6 83.4 64.7 75.7 71 834 A
Average Snow Depth (cm)7 7 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 A
Median Snow Depth (cm)7 6 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 1 A
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm)7 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 4 1 A
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)63.5 43.4 43.7 59.7 68.6 63.5 98.6 93.5 87.9 86.9 79.5 49.5    
Date (yyyy/dd)1843/31 1855/13 1881/19 1850/03 1894/21 1957/28 1897/27 1905/15 1843/14 1954/15 1861/02 1870/05  
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)39.9 45.7 40.6 21.1 7.6 0 0 0 0 12.2 30.5 48.3    
Date (yyyy/dd)1966/23 1846/20 1870/27 1901/20 1875/01 1840/01 1840/01 1840/01 1840/01 1969/21 1950/24 1944/11  
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)52.3 52.6 43.7 59.7 68.6 63.5 98.6 93.5 87.9 86.9 79.5 49.5    
Date (yyyy/dd)1932/01 1965/25 1881/19 1850/03 1894/21 1957/28 1897/27 1905/15 1843/14 1954/15 1861/02 1870/05  
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)65 38 29 19 3 0 0 0 0 13 20 41    
Date (yyyy/dd)1999/15 1971/14 2001/06 1979/09 1963/01 1955/01 1955/01 1955/01 1955/01 1969/21 1997/16 1977/12  
Days with Maximum Temperature:
<= 0 °C16.6 14.1 7 0.53 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.5 10.2 50 A
> 0 °C14.4 14.1 24 29.5 31 30 31 31 30 31 28.5 20.8 315.3 A
> 10 °C0.60 0.50 5 16.6 29.6 30 31 31 30 24.3 8.2 1.5 208.2 A
> 20 °C0 0 0.47 1.9 10.9 23.5 30.1 29 16.2 2.9 0.20 0 115.2 A
> 30 °C0 0 0 0.07 0.37 2 4.6 2.1 0.43 0 0 0 9.5 A
> 35 °C0 0 0 0 0 0.10 0.40 0.03 0 0 0 0 0.53 A
Days with Minimum Temperature:
> 0 °C3.8 5 11.7 24.8 30.9 30 31 31 30 30 21 9.4 258.6 A
<= 2 °C29.4 26.3 24.4 9.8 0.27 0 0 0 0 2.6 14.3 26.7 133.7 A
<= 0 °C27.2 23.3 19.3 5.2 0.07 0 0 0 0 1 9 21.6 106.6 A
< -2 °C23.5 20.2 14.5 2.4 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 4.7 17 82.5 A
< -10 °C10.3 7.7 2.2 0.07 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.07 4.2 24.6 A
< -20 °C0.90 0.40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.10 1.4 A
< - 30 °C0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A
Days with Rainfall:
>= 0.2 mm5.2 4.6 8 10.9 12.2 11.1 10.3 10.5 10.6 11.4 10.6 7.4 112.8 A
>= 5 mm1.8 1.7 2.8 4.2 4.7 4.5 4.1 4.4 4.7 4.2 4.3 2.7 44.1 A
>= 10 mm1 0.87 1.4 2 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.4 3 2.1 2.2 1.4 23.7 A
>= 25 mm0.17 0.07 0.13 0.33 0.37 0.47 0.43 0.80 0.67 0.27 0.33 0.20 4.2 A
Days With Snowfall:
>= 0.2 cm12 8.7 6.4 2.2 0 0 0 0 0 0.07 3.2 9.5 42 A
>= 5 cm2.6 1.7 1.5 0.40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.43 2.3 9 A
>= 10 cm0.90 0.57 0.57 0.20 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.17 0.67 3.1 A
>= 25 cm0.07 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.03 0.10 A
Days with Precipitation:
>= 0.2 mm15.3 11.7 12.7 12.1 12.2 11.1 10.3 10.5 10.6 11.4 12.7 14.5 145 A
>= 5 mm4 3.2 4.3 4.7 4.7 4.5 4.1 4.4 4.7 4.2 5 4.5 52.3 A
>= 10 mm1.7 1.4 2.1 2.3 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.4 3 2.1 2.4 2.2 27 A
>= 25 mm0.23 0.13 0.27 0.33 0.37 0.47 0.43 0.80 0.67 0.27 0.33 0.30 4.6 A
Days with Snow Depth:
>= 1 cm20.6 18.7 11.2 1.1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1.9 12.4 65.9 A
>= 5 cm15.8 13.9 7.2 0.53 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.72 7 45.2 A
>= 10 cm10 7.9 3.7 0.13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.34 3.1 25.1 A
>= 20 cm2.5 2.1 0.30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.03 1.3 6.2 A
Wind:
Maximum Hourly Speed (km/h)64 69 129 64 80 43 48 37 42 55 64 72    
Date (yyyy/dd)1964/25 1964/23 1964/05 1964/21 1964/09 1964/10 1960/30 1968/14 1964/24 1965/31 1963/23 1963/24  
Maximum Gust Speed (km/h)0 0 61 47 0 0 48 0 0 0 0 0    
Date (yyyy/dd)    1955/22 1955/09     1961/03            
Direction of Maximum GustCALM CALM SW W CALM CALM W CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM CALM  
Degree Days:
Above 24 °C0 0 0 0.1 0.4 3.9 15.5 8.6 1.7 0 0 0 30.2 A
Above 18 °C0 0 0.1 1.4 16.8 62.6 132.3 109 35.4 1 0 0 358.7 A
Above 15 °C0 0 0.5 4.5 44 131.2 223.1 196.7 83.7 8.4 0.3 0 692.5 A
Above 10 °C0 0 4.6 27.7 140 274.4 378 351.1 211.3 61.4 7.8 0.6 1457 A
Above 5 °C2.2 2.8 24.1 102.3 285.3 424.4 533 506.1 360 177.4 49.4 7.2 2474 A
Above 0 °C22.4 27.3 87.8 230.9 440.1 574.4 688 661.1 510 328.8 153.1 49.6 3773.5 A
Below 0 °C153.2 118.6 47.9 3.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 8.4 78.2 409.7 A
Below 5 °C288 235.5 139.1 24.7 0.2 0 0 0 0 3.6 54.7 190.8 936.6 A
Below 10 °C440.9 374 274.7 100.1 9.9 0.1 0 0 1.4 42.6 163.1 339.2 1745.9 A
Below 15 °C595.8 515.3 425.6 226.8 68.9 6.9 0.1 0.6 23.8 144.7 305.6 493.6 2807.8 A
Below 18 °C688.8 600.1 518.2 313.8 134.7 28.2 2.3 5.9 65.5 230.2 395.3 586.6 3569.7 A
Bright Sunshine:
Total Hours88.3 110.3 156.3 185.4 229.1 256.2 276.2 241.3 188 148.4 83.6 74.7 2037.6 A
Days with measureable21.3 21.2 24.3 26.4 28.1 28.3 30 29.6 27.2 27.1 20.4 18.9 302.9 A
% of possible daylight hours30.5 37.3 42.3 46.1 50.3 55.5 59.1 55.7 50 43.3 28.7 26.8 43.8 A
Extreme Daily8.9 10.3 11.5 13.3 15 14.6 14.3 13.8 12.1 10.4 10.4 8.6   A
Date (yyyy/dd)1989/22 1972/20 1973/27 1975/22 1996/30 1999/26 1997/19 1972/04 1986/01 1986/20 1975/04 1971/01  
Humidex:
Extreme Humidex15.7 12.2 21.7 31.6 39.8 44.5 43 42.6 43.8 31.2 26.1 17.7    
Date (yyyy/dd)1967/25 1957/25 1963/30 1962/27 1969/29 1957/18 1964/28 1955/01 1953/02 1968/01 1961/03 1966/08  
Wind Chill:
Extreme Wind Chill-36.6 -34 -26 -17 -7.9 4.9 10 6.4 -1.1 -7.5 -17.2 -33.6    
Date (yyyy/dd)1963/24 1963/07 1968/03 1964/04 1963/01 1964/04 1963/09 1965/30 1963/13 1965/29 1958/29 1962/30  
Radiation:
Global - RF1 (MJ/m2)153.7 227.2 378.8 478.2 599.5 652 677.4 578 418.1 283.5 146.7 120.6 4713.5 C
Extreme Global - RF1 (MJ/m2)11.5 17 24.2 28.7 32.1 34.9 32.3 28.9 24.7 18.3 12.3 8.9    
Date (yyyy/dd)1978/30 1980/29 1963/31 1978/30 1964/25 1995/15 1964/05 1959/01 1976/02 1974/03 1958/01 1990/02  
Extreme Diffuse - RF2 (MJ/m2)5.9 7.8 11.6 12.6 14.4 15.9 15.8 11.5 9.7 7.5 5.8 4.1    
Date (yyyy/dd)1958/18 1958/18 1959/29 1957/28 1957/30 1958/15 1956/04 1957/14 1958/06 1957/11 1956/03 1956/13  


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Date Modified: 2013-02-04

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