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Notices:

As of November 19 2009, changes have been made to how Wind Chill and Humidex values are calculated. Please click here for further details. A detailed outline of these calculations can be found in the Glossary.

The Notice Inventory contains a record of all past and current Notices.

Canadian Climate Normals 1971-2000

The minimum number of years used to calculate these Normals is indicated by a code for each element. A "+" beside an extreme date indicates that this date is the first occurrence of the extreme value. Values and dates in bold indicate all-time extremes for the location.

NOTE!! Data used in the calculation of these Normals may be subject to further quality assurance checks. This may result in minor changes to some values presented here.

EUREKA *
NUNAVUT
Latitude:79° 58.800' NLongitude:85° 55.800' WElevation:10.40 m
Climate ID:2401200WMO ID:71917TC ID:WEU

* This station meets WMO standards for temperature and precipitation.

Normals from to
January-June January-December+Year July-December
Temperature: Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year Code
Daily Average (°C) -37.1 -38.4 -37.4 -27.4 -11 2.3 5.7 2.6 -7.7 -22 -30.9 -34.7 -19.7 A
Standard Deviation 3.7 4.1 2.6 3.4 2.3 1.8 1 1.2 2.6 2.9 3.6 3.6 1.3 A
Daily Maximum (°C) -33.5 -34.9 -34 -23.3 -7.7 4.8 8.8 4.8 -4.8 -18.3 -27.4 -31.2 -16.4 A
Daily Minimum (°C) -40.7 -41.9 -40.8 -31.4 -14.3 -0.3 2.6 0.3 -10.5 -25.6 -34.5 -38.2 -22.9 A
Extreme Maximum (°C) -1.1 -1.1 -12.2 -2.8 7.5 17.8 20 16.7 9.3 5 -1.7 -2.1
Date (yyyy/dd) 1958/23 1963/04+ 1988/12 1971/26 1995/30 1957/30 2003/11 1965/03 1995/01 2002/15 1947/11 1978/23
Extreme Minimum (°C) -53.3 -55.3 -52.8 -48.9 -31.1 -13.9 -2.2 -11.2 -31.7 -41.7 -48.2 -51.7
Date (yyyy/dd) 1966/07+ 1979/15+ 1948/04 1964/08 1957/02+ 1974/05 1959/02+ 2000/26 1961/25 1953/29 1989/28 1972/19
Precipitation:
Rainfall (mm) 0 0 0 0 0 4.6 11.1 9.3 1.1 0 0 0 26.2 A
Snowfall (cm) 3.2 3 3.1 4.3 4 3.5 1.4 6.1 11 10 4.9 4.1 58.5 A
Precipitation (mm) 2.9 2.6 2.7 3.5 3.4 8.1 12.5 14.9 10.1 7.9 3.9 3.3 75.5 A
Average Snow Depth (cm) 15 16 17 18 17 5 0 0 3 8 11 13 10 A
Median Snow Depth (cm) 15 15 16 18 17 4 0 0 3 9 11 13 10 A
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm) 15 16 17 18 13 0 0 0 5 10 12 14 10 A
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm) 0 0 0 0 0.3 17 20.8 41.7 6.2 0 0 0
Date (yyyy/dd) 1948/01+ 1948/01+ 1948/01+ 1948/01+ 1966/30 2002/28 1997/27 1953/17 1985/18 1948/01+ 1948/01+ 1948/01+
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm) 5.4 8.2 5.7 7.8 9.7 9.4 5.8 9.2 14.5 13.5 7 15.2
Date (yyyy/dd) 1997/26 2003/07 1980/20 1990/10 1966/10 1967/21 1976/13 2000/13 1966/19 1955/15 1979/29 1983/23
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm) 5 8.2 5.1 6.6 7.4 17 20.8 41.7 13.7 13.5 6.7 6.2
Date (yyyy/dd) 1997/26 2003/07 1952/05 1990/10 1966/10 2002/28 1997/27 1953/17 1957/02 1955/15 1979/29 1983/23
Extreme Snow Depth (cm) 36 36 36 38 48 42 2 9 20 28 30 32
Date (yyyy/dd) 1956/26+ 1956/01+ 1956/01+ 1985/19+ 1978/13+ 1978/01+ 1996/23 1997/27+ 1977/24+ 1955/31 1955/10+ 1955/24+
Days with Maximum Temperature:
<= 0 °C 31 28.3 31 30 28.6 3.7 0 2.1 24.4 31 30 31 271.1 A
> 0 °C 0 0 0 0 2.4 26.3 31 28.9 5.6 0.03 0 0 94.2 A
> 10 °C 0 0 0 0 0 3 9.6 1.9 0 0 0 0 14.5 A
> 20 °C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A
> 30 °C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A
> 35 °C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A
Days with Minimum Temperature:
> 0 °C 0 0 0 0 0.13 17.3 29.9 18.6 0.3 0 0 0 66.2 A
<= 2 °C 31 28.3 31 30 31 23.8 13.4 23.6 30 31 30 31 334 A
<= 0 °C 31 28.3 31 30 30.9 12.7 1.1 12.4 29.7 31 30 31 299.1 A
< -2 °C 31 28.3 31 30 30.7 7.4 0 4.2 27.9 31 30 31 282.4 A
< -10 °C 31 28.3 31 30 22.4 0.2 0 0.1 13.9 30.4 30 31 248.3 A
< -20 °C 31 28.2 30.9 27.7 6.6 0 0 0 3.1 24.2 28.6 30.8 211 A
< - 30 °C 29.2 27.1 29.6 18.1 0.07 0 0 0 0 8.4 23.4 28.2 164.1 A
Days with Rainfall:
>= 0.2 mm 0 0 0 0 0 3.1 6.3 5.4 0.63 0 0 0 15.5 A
>= 5 mm 0 0 0 0 0 0.13 0.34 0.38 0.1 0 0 0 0.95 A
>= 10 mm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.07 0.14 0 0 0 0 0.21 A
>= 25 mm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A
Days With Snowfall:
>= 0.2 cm 4.6 3.9 4.1 4.9 4.1 2.9 0.76 3.7 8.4 9 5 4.7 56.2 A
>= 5 cm 0.03 0 0.03 0.03 0.03 0.07 0.07 0.21 0.4 0.33 0.17 0.07 1.4 A
>= 10 cm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.03 0 0.03 0.06 A
>= 25 cm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A
Days with Precipitation:
>= 0.2 mm 4.2 3.8 3.7 4.6 3.9 5.3 6.8 8.2 8.2 8.4 4.6 4.4 66.2 A
>= 5 mm 0.03 0 0 0.03 0.03 0.23 0.45 0.59 0.33 0.2 0.07 0.03 2 A
>= 10 mm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.07 0.14 0 0 0 0 0.21 A
>= 25 mm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A
Days with Snow Depth:
>= 1 cm 31 28.3 31 30 30.6 12.8 0.07 2 20.1 29.9 30 31 276.8 A
>= 5 cm 31 27.4 30.4 29.9 28.7 9.2 0 0.67 8.4 21.9 27.3 30.5 245.4 A
>= 10 25.3 23.6 26.1 26.7 23.4 6 0 0 1.9 11.7 17.9 20.8 183.4 A
>= 20 6.7 7.4 9.8 11.4 9.7 1.9 0 0 0.23 1 3.2 4.5 55.8 A
Wind:
Speed (km/h) 8.4 8.3 7.4 8.6 12.7 16.8 17.6 16.3 12.2 8.2 7.5 8 11 A
Most Frequent Direction E E E SE SE W W SE SE E E E SE A
Maximum Hourly Speed 97 102 113 78 81 78 77 78 89 98 83 96
Date (yyyy/dd) 1958/17 2001/25 1953/15+ 1990/10 1992/24 2002/26 1975/29 1994/29 1988/17 1957/23 1981/14 1997/03
Direction of Maximum Hourly Speed S NE SE NW SE S S NW S NW NW S SE
Maximum Gust Speed 126 115 113 102 81 93 108 101 109 83 119 107
Date (yyyy/dd) 1977/14 1978/17 1988/22 1990/10 1990/05 1977/29 1975/29 1975/14 1988/17 1980/24 1981/27 1990/31
Direction of Maximum Gust E NE S NW S NE S S S NW E N E
Days with Winds >= 52 km/h 2.7 2.1 1.3 1.4 1.3 2 1.5 2.1 2 0.7 1.2 1.5 19.6 D
Days with Winds >= 63 km/h 1.3 1.1 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.4 0.6 1.1 0.1 0.5 0.5 7.3 D
Degree Days:
Above 24 °C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A
Above 18 °C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A
Above 15 °C 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 A
Above 10 °C 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 1.5 0.1 0 0 0 0 1.7 A
Above 5 °C 0 0 0 0 0 11.5 40.4 9.4 0 0 0 0 61.3 A
Above 0 °C 0 0 0 0 0.7 87.5 177.7 91.4 1.9 0 0 0 359.2 A
Below 0 °C 1151.5 1086 1163.5 820.5 341.9 19.7 0 8.8 231.9 681.6 933.9 1077.1 7516.2 A
Below 5 °C 1306.5 1227.3 1318.5 970.5 496.3 93.7 17.7 81.8 380 836.6 1083.9 1232.1 9044.6 A
Below 10 °C 1461.5 1368.6 1473.5 1120.5 651.3 232.3 133.7 227.5 530 991.6 1233.9 1387.1 10811.3 A
Below 15 °C 1616.5 1510 1628.5 1270.5 806.3 382.2 287.3 382.4 680 1146.6 1383.9 1542.1 12636 A
Below 18 °C 1709.5 1594.8 1721.5 1360.5 899.3 472.2 380.3 475.4 770 1239.6 1473.9 1635.1 13731.8 A
Humidex:
Extreme Humidex -1.1 -1.1 -12.4 -3 7.3 17.2 20.8 16.8 7.2 4.8 -3.9 -5
Date (yyyy/dd) 1958/24 1963/05 1988/12 1995/26 1995/30 1957/30 1962/21 1962/05 1995/01 2002/15 1963/07+ 1978/23
Wind Chill:
Extreme Wind Chill -69.2 -69.5 -66.3 -59.3 -43.2 -20.7 -7.9 -17.4 -40.3 -52.1 -61.3 -63.7
Date (yyyy/dd) 1966/07 1979/12 1973/09 2002/02 1970/01 1974/04 1989/11 1997/29 1964/29 1958/31 1989/29 1972/14+
Days with Wind Chill < -20 31 28.2 31 29.5 15.2 0 0 0 6.7 29.2 29.9 31 231.8 D
Days with Wind Chill < -30 31 28.2 31 25.7 3.2 0 0 0 0.7 17.4 27.4 30.8 195.4 D
Days with Wind Chill < -40 29.7 27.6 28.6 12.6 0 0 0 0 0 4.3 18.7 26.5 147.9 D
Pressure:
Average Station Pressure (kPa) 101.1 101.4 101.6 102 101.7 101.2 100.8 100.7 101.1 101.4 101.3 101.2 101.3 D
Average Sea Level Pressure (kPa) 101.3 101.5 101.8 102.2 101.9 101.3 100.9 100.8 101.3 101.5 101.5 101.4 101.4 D
Radiation:
Extreme Global (RF1) 0 0.5 8.3 21.5 35.2 36.8 36.9 24.4 11 2.7 0 0
Date (yyyy/dd) 1980/16 1984/29 1980/29 1976/30 1989/27 1988/13 1989/03 1988/01 1989/01 1979/01 1989/01+ 1970/01+
Extreme Reflected (RF3) 4.1 3.5 2.4 0
Date (yyyy/dd) 1964/22 1964/17 1964/05 1964/01
Extreme Net (RF4) 1.2 0.6 1.2 4.6 16 20.8 17.3 13 3.6 0.8 1.2 1
Date (yyyy/dd) 1980/23 1972/02 1976/17 1995/28 1971/31 1989/15 1988/01 1964/05 1978/05 1973/07 1980/08 1978/22
 
Temperature:JanFebMarAprMayJunJul
Daily Average (°C)-37.1-38.4-37.4-27.4-112.35.7
Standard Deviation3.74.12.63.42.31.81
Daily Maximum (°C)-33.5-34.9-34-23.3-7.74.88.8
Daily Minimum (°C)-40.7-41.9-40.8-31.4-14.3-0.32.6
Extreme Maximum (°C)-1.1-1.1-12.2-2.87.517.820
Date (yyyy/dd)1958/231963/04+1988/121971/261995/301957/302003/11
Extreme Minimum (°C)-53.3-55.3-52.8-48.9-31.1-13.9-2.2
Date (yyyy/dd)1966/07+1979/15+1948/041964/081957/02+1974/051959/02+
Precipitation:
Rainfall (mm)000004.611.1
Snowfall (cm)3.233.14.343.51.4
Precipitation (mm)2.92.62.73.53.48.112.5
Average Snow Depth (cm)151617181750
Median Snow Depth (cm)151516181740
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm)151617181300
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)00000.31720.8
Date (yyyy/dd)1948/01+1948/01+1948/01+1948/01+1966/302002/281997/27
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)5.48.25.77.89.79.45.8
Date (yyyy/dd)1997/262003/071980/201990/101966/101967/211976/13
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)58.25.16.67.41720.8
Date (yyyy/dd)1997/262003/071952/051990/101966/102002/281997/27
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)3636363848422
Date (yyyy/dd)1956/26+1956/01+1956/01+1985/19+1978/13+1978/01+1996/23
Days with Maximum Temperature:
<= 0 °C3128.3313028.63.70
> 0 °C00002.426.331
> 10 °C0000039.6
> 20 °C0000000
> 30 °C0000000
> 35 °C0000000
Days with Minimum Temperature:
> 0 °C00000.1317.329.9
<= 2 °C3128.331303123.813.4
<= 0 °C3128.3313030.912.71.1
< -2 °C3128.3313030.77.40
< -10 °C3128.3313022.40.20
< -20 °C3128.230.927.76.600
< - 30 °C29.227.129.618.10.0700
Days with Rainfall:
>= 0.2 mm000003.16.3
>= 5 mm000000.130.34
>= 10 mm0000000.07
>= 25 mm0000000
Days With Snowfall:
>= 0.2 cm4.63.94.14.94.12.90.76
>= 5 cm0.0300.030.030.030.070.07
>= 10 cm0000000
>= 25 cm0000000
Days with Precipitation:
>= 0.2 mm4.23.83.74.63.95.36.8
>= 5 mm0.03000.030.030.230.45
>= 10 mm0000000.07
>= 25 mm0000000
Days with Snow Depth:
>= 1 cm3128.3313030.612.80.07
>= 5 cm3127.430.429.928.79.20
>= 1025.323.626.126.723.460
>= 206.77.49.811.49.71.90
Wind:
Speed (km/h)8.48.37.48.612.716.817.6
Most Frequent DirectionEEESESEWW
Maximum Hourly Speed9710211378817877
Date (yyyy/dd)1958/172001/251953/15+1990/101992/242002/261975/29
Direction of Maximum Hourly SpeedSNESENWSESS
Maximum Gust Speed1261151131028193108
Date (yyyy/dd)1977/141978/171988/221990/101990/051977/291975/29
Direction of Maximum GustENESNWSNES
Days with Winds >= 52 km/h2.72.11.31.41.321.5
Days with Winds >= 63 km/h1.31.10.50.50.20.60.4
Degree Days:
Above 24 °C0000000
Above 18 °C0000000
Above 15 °C0000000
Above 10 °C000000.11.5
Above 5 °C0000011.540.4
Above 0 °C00000.787.5177.7
Below 0 °C1151.510861163.5820.5341.919.70
Below 5 °C1306.51227.31318.5970.5496.393.717.7
Below 10 °C1461.51368.61473.51120.5651.3232.3133.7
Below 15 °C1616.515101628.51270.5806.3382.2287.3
Below 18 °C1709.51594.81721.51360.5899.3472.2380.3
Humidex:
Extreme Humidex-1.1-1.1-12.4-37.317.220.8
Date (yyyy/dd)1958/241963/051988/121995/261995/301957/301962/21
Wind Chill:
Extreme Wind Chill-69.2-69.5-66.3-59.3-43.2-20.7-7.9
Date (yyyy/dd)1966/071979/121973/092002/021970/011974/041989/11
Days with Wind Chill < -203128.23129.515.200
Days with Wind Chill < -303128.23125.73.200
Days with Wind Chill < -4029.727.628.612.6000
Pressure:
Average Station Pressure (kPa)101.1101.4101.6102101.7101.2100.8
Average Sea Level Pressure (kPa)101.3101.5101.8102.2101.9101.3100.9
Radiation:
Extreme Global (RF1)00.58.321.535.236.836.9
Date (yyyy/dd)1980/161984/291980/291976/301989/271988/131989/03
Extreme Reflected (RF3)4.13.5
Date (yyyy/dd)1964/221964/17
Extreme Net (RF4)1.20.61.24.61620.817.3
Date (yyyy/dd)1980/231972/021976/171995/281971/311989/151988/01
 

NOTE!! Data used in the calculation of these Normals may be subject to further quality assurance checks. This may result in minor changes to some values presented here.

EUREKA *
NUNAVUT
Latitude:79° 58.800' NLongitude:85° 55.800' WElevation:10.40 m
Climate ID:2401200WMO ID:71917TC ID:WEU
Temperature:AugSepOctNovDecYearCode
Daily Average (°C)2.6-7.7-22-30.9-34.7-19.7A
Standard Deviation1.22.62.93.63.61.3A
Daily Maximum (°C)4.8-4.8-18.3-27.4-31.2-16.4A
Daily Minimum (°C)0.3-10.5-25.6-34.5-38.2-22.9A
Extreme Maximum (°C)16.79.35-1.7-2.1
Date (yyyy/dd)1965/031995/012002/151947/111978/23
Extreme Minimum (°C)-11.2-31.7-41.7-48.2-51.7
Date (yyyy/dd)2000/261961/251953/291989/281972/19
Precipitation:
Rainfall (mm)9.31.100026.2A
Snowfall (cm)6.111104.94.158.5A
Precipitation (mm)14.910.17.93.93.375.5A
Average Snow Depth (cm)038111310A
Median Snow Depth (cm)039111310A
Snow Depth at Month-end (cm)0510121410A
Extreme Daily Rainfall (mm)41.76.2000
Date (yyyy/dd)1953/171985/181948/01+1948/01+1948/01+
Extreme Daily Snowfall (cm)9.214.513.5715.2
Date (yyyy/dd)2000/131966/191955/151979/291983/23
Extreme Daily Precipitation (mm)41.713.713.56.76.2
Date (yyyy/dd)1953/171957/021955/151979/291983/23
Extreme Snow Depth (cm)920283032
Date (yyyy/dd)1997/27+1977/24+1955/311955/10+1955/24+
Days with Maximum Temperature:
<= 0 °C2.124.4313031271.1A
> 0 °C28.95.60.030094.2A
> 10 °C1.9000014.5A
> 20 °C000000A
> 30 °C000000A
> 35 °C000000A
Days with Minimum Temperature:
> 0 °C18.60.300066.2A
<= 2 °C23.630313031334A
<= 0 °C12.429.7313031299.1A
< -2 °C4.227.9313031282.4A
< -10 °C0.113.930.43031248.3A
< -20 °C03.124.228.630.8211A
< - 30 °C008.423.428.2164.1A
Days with Rainfall:
>= 0.2 mm5.40.6300015.5A
>= 5 mm0.380.10000.95A
>= 10 mm0.1400000.21A
>= 25 mm000000A
Days With Snowfall:
>= 0.2 cm3.78.4954.756.2A
>= 5 cm0.210.40.330.170.071.4A
>= 10 cm000.0300.030.06A
>= 25 cm000000A
Days with Precipitation:
>= 0.2 mm8.28.28.44.64.466.2A
>= 5 mm0.590.330.20.070.032A
>= 10 mm0.1400000.21A
>= 25 mm000000A
Days with Snow Depth:
>= 1 cm220.129.93031276.8A
>= 5 cm0.678.421.927.330.5245.4A
>= 1001.911.717.920.8183.4A
>= 2000.2313.24.555.8A
Wind:
Speed (km/h)16.312.28.27.5811A
Most Frequent DirectionSESEEEESEA
Maximum Hourly Speed7889988396
Date (yyyy/dd)1994/291988/171957/231981/141997/03
Direction of Maximum Hourly SpeedNWSNWNWSSE
Maximum Gust Speed10110983119107
Date (yyyy/dd)1975/141988/171980/241981/271990/31
Direction of Maximum GustSSNWENE
Days with Winds >= 52 km/h2.120.71.21.519.6D
Days with Winds >= 63 km/h0.61.10.10.50.57.3D
Degree Days:
Above 24 °C000000A
Above 18 °C000000A
Above 15 °C000000A
Above 10 °C0.100001.7A
Above 5 °C9.4000061.3A
Above 0 °C91.41.9000359.2A
Below 0 °C8.8231.9681.6933.91077.17516.2A
Below 5 °C81.8380836.61083.91232.19044.6A
Below 10 °C227.5530991.61233.91387.110811.3A
Below 15 °C382.46801146.61383.91542.112636A
Below 18 °C475.47701239.61473.91635.113731.8A
Humidex:
Extreme Humidex16.87.24.8-3.9-5
Date (yyyy/dd)1962/051995/012002/151963/07+1978/23
Wind Chill:
Extreme Wind Chill-17.4-40.3-52.1-61.3-63.7
Date (yyyy/dd)1997/291964/291958/311989/291972/14+
Days with Wind Chill < -2006.729.229.931231.8D
Days with Wind Chill < -3000.717.427.430.8195.4D
Days with Wind Chill < -40004.318.726.5147.9D
Pressure:
Average Station Pressure (kPa)100.7101.1101.4101.3101.2101.3D
Average Sea Level Pressure (kPa)100.8101.3101.5101.5101.4101.4D
Radiation:
Extreme Global (RF1)24.4112.700
Date (yyyy/dd)1988/011989/011979/011989/01+1970/01+
Extreme Reflected (RF3)2.40
Date (yyyy/dd)1964/051964/01
Extreme Net (RF4)133.60.81.21
Date (yyyy/dd)1964/051978/051973/071980/081978/22
Date Modified: 2009-04-30

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